डिटेक्शन कवरेज
मापा गया, सिर्फ़ दावा नहीं।
नीचे का हर आँकड़ा असली सैंपल फ़ाइलों में असली करप्शन डालकर और वैलिडेटर ने जो पकड़ा उसे गिनकर मापा गया है — हर फ़ॉर्मैट और हर मोड के लिए 100 परीक्षण, फ़िक्स्ड सीड, और हर परीक्षण का कच्चा डेटा रिपॉज़िटरी में मौजूद है। शून्य भी प्रकाशित किए जाते हैं: कुछ फ़ॉर्मैट में इंटीग्रिटी का कोई तंत्र होता ही नहीं, और हम कुछ और जताने के बजाय आपको यही बताना बेहतर समझते हैं।
- Sniper — किसी रैंडम बाइट ऑफ़सेट पर एक रैंडम बिट फ़्लिप — पकड़ने में सबसे कठिन करप्शन।
- Shotgun — किसी रैंडम ऑफ़सेट पर 4,096 लगातार रैंडम बाइट्स ओवरराइट — एक फ़ेल हुए डिस्क सेक्टर की नकल।
हर रिलीज़ के साथ डिटेक्शन दरें बढ़ती हैं: गहन डिकोडर फ़ॉर्मैट-दर-फ़ॉर्मैट जोड़े जाते हैं, और यह तालिका हर बार कच्चे मापन डेटा से दोबारा बनाई जाती है।
तंत्र की टिप्पणियाँ अंग्रेज़ी में दिखाई जाती हैं: ये गहन तकनीकी विवरण हैं जिन्हें मापन रिपोर्ट से ज्यों का त्यों रखा गया है।
छवि और फ़ोटो
| फ़ॉर्मैट | Sniper | Bolter | Shotgun | मापा गया | यह कैसे पकड़ा जाता है (या क्यों नहीं पकड़ा जा सकता) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| पीएनजी छविPNG | 100% | 100% | 100% | CRC32 per chunk | |
| जेपीईजी एक्सएल छविJXL | 87% | 97% | 100% | Container + frame checksums | |
| वेबपी छविWebP | 83% | 82% | 84% | libwebp full decode | |
| macOS IconICNS | 97% | 97% | 100% | TLV chunk stream; near-total coverage | |
| फ़्लैश SWFSWF | 100% | 100% | 100% | CWS = zlib wrapper; any flip = zlib CRC fail | |
| एसवीजी वेक्टर ग्राफिक्सSVG | 45% | 98% | 99% | XML parse — almost any corruption breaks the XML grammar. | |
| विंडोज़ चिह्नICO | 63% | 54% | 70% | Directory entries + embedded PNG/BMP image validation. Multi-resolution ICO has high structural-byte density. | |
| क्यूओआई छविQOI | 0% | 0% | 0% | QOI spec has no per-opcode checksum — bit flips in pixel data decode to different-but-valid pixels. Only magic (4 B) and end marker (8 B) are checkable. Fundamental format limit. | |
| JPEG2000 छविJPEG2K | 6% | 5% | 97% | Codestream marker structure | |
| जीआईएफ छविGIF | 9% | 35% | 100% | LZW decode (shotgun desyncs state); larger animated fixture lifts header-tamper detection | |
| जेपीईजी छविJPEG | 4% | 8% | 100% | jpegz wrapperDecode (062393f); most single-byte tamper lands in entropy-coded data, which JPEG tolerates by design | |
| ओपनएक्सआर एचडीआर छविEXR | 1% | 0% | 100% | ZIP-compressed EXR — zlib decompress path runs on every scanline block. Shotgun detection perfect; sniper lower than the 26 KB NONE-compressed sample (6%) because structural bytes are a smaller fraction on the larger file. Both paths validated. | |
| एडोब फोटोशॉपPSD | 2% | 2% | 50% | RLE-compressed PSD — `validatePsdDeep` decodes every scanline. The old RAW-compressed `sample.psd` (0%/7%) is retained; sweep picks the larger RLE one. Measures the strong path that the RAW sample couldn't exercise. | |
| HEIC/HEIF छविHEIC | 0% | 0% | 4% | H.265 CABAC per tile; no content checksum, so many entropy-payload flips decode as different valid pixels. Structural, NAL, RBSP, and decoder-state violations are still detectable. | |
| एवीआईएफ छविAVIF | 0% | 0% | 1% | AV1 OBUs with entropy-coded tile data; no image-content checksum, so many payload flips can remain syntactically valid. Container/OBU structure and decoder errors are still detectable. | |
| बीएमपी छविBMP | 0% | 0% | 0% | BMP spec has no data checksums — `bmp_decoder.validateBmp` walks every pixel row proving accessibility but cannot detect bit-flips in pixel bytes. 0/400 at ±0.5% CI. Fundamental format limit. | |
| डीपीएक्स छविDPX | 0% | 0% | 0% | Raw pixel; SMPTE 268M spec has no checksum | |
| पोर्टेबल अनिमैप छविPAM/PPM | 0% | 0% | 0% | Raw pixel; Netpbm spec has no checksum | |
| टीजीए छविTGA | 25% | 27% | 100% | Header + image-spec validation catches malformed-byte tamper; tiny 11 KB fixture pushes structural-byte density up | |
| झगड़ा छविTIFF | 63% | 93% | 100% | Every IFD plus every LZW-compressed strip/tile is decoded with tiffz's shared strict lzwz core. Required EOD plus exact decoded strip/tile extent reject truncation and excess output; valid-but-different LZW streams still have no pixel checksum. Deterministic 100-trial seed-42 sweep: 63% sniper, 93% bolter, 100% shotgun. | |
| JBIG2 द्वि-स्तरीय छविJBIG2 | 0% | n/a | n/a | Bi-level image stream walk; sniper 0% on truncated sample. Shotgun N/A (sample < 4 KB). |
RAW कैमरा
| फ़ॉर्मैट | Sniper | Bolter | Shotgun | मापा गया | यह कैसे पकड़ा जाता है (या क्यों नहीं पकड़ा जा सकता) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| एडोब डीएनजी रॉDNG | 3% | 3% | 3% | TIFF-based via tiffz strip+tile decode loop + jpegz preview decode; 77 MB sensor dump dilutes detection density per byte | |
| कैनन रॉCR2 | 2% | 1% | 6% | TIFF-based; IFD-walked preview JPEG decoded via libjpeg-turbo (sRAW2 lossless strip filtered out so heuristic keeps the real preview) | |
| निकॉन रॉNEF | 0% | 0% | 0% | TIFF-based; deep via zigimg | |
| सोनी रॉARW | 0% | 4% | 15% | TIFF-based; deep via zigimg | |
| Fuji RAWRAF | 0% | 0% | 2% | Fuji; validator decodes the JPEG preview at 0x54/0x58, but preview is ~0.5% of a 208 MB sensor dump — shotgun almost never lands in it. ⚠ See Action Items. | |
| NRW | 0% | 1% | 0% | Nikon; dispatched through LibRaw which unpacks sensor data but the format has no per-row checksum. `libraw_unpack_thumb` is not currently wired up — adding it would catch corruption inside the embedded preview JPEG and could lift this to ~15-30% shotgun. Follow-up item. | |
| Olympus RAWORF | 0% | 0% | 0% | Olympus; validator WARNs on "uncompressed IFD claims but Huffman-compressed data". Structural-only. | |
| Pentax RAWPEF | 0% | 0% | 0% | Pentax; TIFF-wrapped. Structural-only. | |
| Panasonic RAWRW2 | 0% | 0% | 0% | Panasonic; TIFF-wrapped. Structural-only. | |
| Canon CR3 RAWCR3 (Canon) | 0% | 0% | 0% | ISOBMFF-based Canon RAW 3; structural box walk. 15 MB sample at 0%/0% confirms no integrity mechanism beyond structure. |
वीडियो
| फ़ॉर्मैट | Sniper | Bolter | Shotgun | मापा गया | यह कैसे पकड़ा जाता है (या क्यों नहीं पकड़ा जा सकता) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| मैट्रोस्का वीडियोMKV | 100% | 100% | 100% | CRC32 per EBML cluster — **gold standard** | |
| AV1 वीडियोAV1 | 5% | 6% | 100% | OBU structure + tile decode | |
| एमपीईजी ट्रांसपोर्ट स्ट्रीमMPEG-TS | 4% | 5% | 100% | PAT/PMT CRC + continuity counters | |
| मानक मिडी फ़ाइलMIDI | 15% | 94% | 100% | Track framing + delta/event validation | |
| एप्पल प्रोरेस वीडियोProRes/MOV | 5% | 7% | 78% | ProRes intra-frame DCT decode per frame | |
| MP4 वीडियोMP4 | 0% | 0% | 66% | H.264 CABAC + AAC decode (sample = `avc1` + AAC) | |
| क्विकटाइम वीडियोMOV | 1% | 1% | 75% | H.264 CABAC decode — new sample generated from public-domain jellyfish footage via ffmpeg. Old MPEG-4 Part 2 sample kept in `sample.mov` but sweep now picks the larger H.264 one. | |
| वेबएम वीडियोWebM (VP9+Opus) | 86% | 69% | 78% | libvpx 1.14.1 full VP9 decode per frame — every frame entropy + DCT decoded via `vpx_codec_decode`. Opus audio CRC provides additional coverage. | |
| वेबएम वीडियोWebM (VP8) | 88% | n/a | 90% | libvpx 1.14.1 full VP8 decode. **Critical:** uses `VP8D_GET_FRAME_CORRUPTED` control query after each frame — without it, VP8's built-in error concealment silently patches bit flips. Both sniper and shotgun lift by ~90 points because of this query. | |
| एवीआई वीडियोAVI | 0% | 20% | 93% | MJPEG per-frame decode via libjpeg-turbo — new sample generated via ffmpeg. Old MPEG-4 Part 2 sample kept in `generated_testsrc.avi` but sweep picks the larger MJPEG one. | |
| डीवी वीडियोDV | 0% | 3% | 0% | DV spec has no checksum; relies on tape physical ECC | |
| एमपीईजी प्राथमिक स्ट्रीमMPEG-ES | 0% | 0% | 0% | Start codes only | |
| एमपीईजी प्रोग्राम स्ट्रीमMPEG-1/2 | 0% | 0% | 0% | Start codes only | |
| MPEG-4 Part 2 | 0% | 0% | 0% | VOP header parsing tolerates VOP failures | |
| RealMediaRM | 0% | 1% | 2% | RealMedia spec has no checksums; structural chunk walk only | |
| फ़्लैश वीडियोFLV | 40% | n/a | n/a | Flash Video tag walk; no per-tag CRC. Tiny 33 B sample — sniper hits magic + header bytes. Shotgun N/A (sample < 4 KB). | |
| एमपीईजी प्रोग्राम स्ट्रीमMPEG-PS | 0% | n/a | n/a | MPEG Program Stream; PES header walk; no CRC. Shotgun N/A (sample < 4 KB). | |
| ऑग वीडियो (थियोरा)Theora (.ogv) | 100% | n/a | 100% | Theora-in-Ogg; libtheora-encoded testsrc (CC0). Ogg page CRC32 catches every probed bit flip in both modes. | |
| आईवीएफ वीडियो कंटेनरVP8 (raw IVF) | 0% | 0% | 0% | IVF container with VP8 frames; structural-only without libvpx wired into the IVF dispatch path. Hand-authored CC0 sample. Detection is fundamentally low until VP8-in-IVF gets the same `VP8D_GET_FRAME_CORRUPTED` query as VP8-in-WebM. |
ऑडियो
| फ़ॉर्मैट | Sniper | Bolter | Shotgun | मापा गया | यह कैसे पकड़ा जाता है (या क्यों नहीं पकड़ा जा सकता) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| डॉल्बी डिजिटल एसी-3 ऑडियोAC3 | 100% | 100% | 100% | CRC-16 per syncframe. Previous sample `TomorrowNeverDies-...ac3` was malformed (started with bytes 0x84 4F 59 11, not AC3 sync 0B 77) — validator correctly rejected it, so the old 100%/100% number was a false positive from trial inheritance. Removed 2026-04-23; now measured against a genuinely valid sample. | |
| ओग ऑडियोOGG | 100% | 100% | 100% | CRC32 per OGG page | |
| डॉल्बी डिजिटल प्लस ऑडियोE-AC3 (large) | 100% | n/a | 100% | CRC-16 per syncframe (full file, after 2026-03-06 fix) | |
| डॉल्बी डिजिटल प्लस ऑडियोE-AC3 (small) | 81% | 100% | 85% | ⚠ Lower coverage on smaller file — reflects frame-size / coverage density, not a bug | |
| एफएलएसी ऑडियोFLAC | 80% | 96% | 88% | MD5 audio hash + CRC-8/CRC-16 per frame | |
| एप्पल दोषरहित ऑडियोALAC | 1% | 0% | 100% | Lossless decode — 4KB overwrite kills a frame | |
| Opus | 1% | 62% | 35% | OGG page CRC + libopus decode | |
| M4A ऑडियोAAC (M4A) | 4% | 3% | 31% | MP4 box + AAC syntax decode | |
| एएसी-एलसी ऑडियो (एडीटीएस)AAC (ADTS) | 6% | 10% | 20% | ADTS framing + syntax | |
| एमपी3 ऑडियोMP3 | 1% | 0% | 1% | Frame sync only — MP3 spec has no data CRC | |
| WAV ऑडियोWAV | 0% | 0% | 2% | RIFF structural; no data checksum | |
| एआईएफएफ ऑडियोAIFF | 0% | 0% | 1% | IFF structural; no data checksum | |
| सीएएफ ऑडियोCAF | 0% | 0% | 1% | Chunk walk; no data checksum | |
| एयू/एसएनडी ऑडियोAU | 0% | 0% | 0% | Header + raw PCM | |
| प्रोट्रैकर मॉड्यूलTracker (MOD) | 0% | 0% | 0% | No integrity mechanism in format | |
| एएमआर ऑडियोAMR | 14% | n/a | n/a | Adaptive Multi-Rate audio; frame-table based, no per-frame CRC. Sniper at 14% reflects sync-byte coverage on a 38 B sample. Shotgun N/A. | |
| बंदर का ऑडियोAPE (Monkey's Audio) | 99% | 100% | 100% | MAC header + descriptor + per-frame CRC32. Full deep-decode validation now wired via vendored upstream Monkey's Audio SDK 12.73 (`deps/libape/`, BSD-3 since 2023). The validator runs structural rigor first (descriptor, header, seek-table monotonicity, audio-region bounds, field sanity, version range) then decodes every frame and surfaces per-frame CRC32-over-decoded-PCM mismatches via the C-shim `validate_ape_decode_check`. Truncation is caught either by the structural seek-table walk (modern v3980+ has audio_data_length) or by the decoder's sample-count-mismatch path. Synthetic 16 KB corpus is now a real APE encoded by the SDK from white-noise WAV (\`mac -c2000\`), so it actually decodes; sniper hits 99% (only the descriptor MD5 bytes — which are byte-level metadata not bitstream — escape detection in some random flips), shotgun hits 100%. Tested with the in-tree Zig tests + tests/cli/ape_validation (11 PASS). | |
| CD+Graphics KaraokeCD+G (Karaoke) | 0% | 0% | 2% | 24-byte fixed-size sectors; structural only — no checksum. 0%/2% confirms fundamental format limit. | |
| डीएसडीआईएफएफ ऑडियोDFF (DSDIFF) | 52% | n/a | n/a | DSD audio container; chunk walk only. Tiny 32 B header-only sample. Shotgun N/A. | |
| डीएसडी स्ट्रीम फ़ाइलDSF (DSD) | 60% | n/a | n/a | Sony DSD; structural walk. Shotgun N/A. | |
| DTS Digital Surround AudioDTS (Digital Surround) | 0% | 0% | 51% | Frame sync + size walk; no per-frame CRC. Shotgun lift from 4 KB overwrite desyncing the frame stream. | |
| ट्रू ऑडियो (टीटीए)TTA (True Audio) | 97% | n/a | n/a | Per-frame CRC32 catches almost every probed bit flip. Shotgun N/A (sample < 4 KB). | |
| वेवपैक ऑडियोWavPack | 100% | 100% | 100% | libwavpack 5.9.0 deep decode: every block decoded to PCM, per-block CRC over decoded samples + checksum sub-block + sample-count drift. Block-checksum sub-block (`ID_BLOCK_CHECKSUM`) catches header/bitstream tampering at open-time; post-decode CRC catches arithmetic drift; truncation surfaces as decoded < expected sample count. |
दस्तावेज़ और ऑफ़िस
| फ़ॉर्मैट | Sniper | Bolter | Shotgun | मापा गया | यह कैसे पकड़ा जाता है (या क्यों नहीं पकड़ा जा सकता) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| एक्सेल स्प्रेडशीट (97-2003)XLS | 22% | 24% | 96% | BIFF8 records + SST + formulas + cells | |
| वर्ड दस्तावेज़ (97-2003)DOC (large) | 2% | 2% | 2% | FIB + 31 fc/lcb pair bounds + CLX piece table. Detection density drops on large docs — body text is most of the file. | |
| वर्ड दस्तावेज़ (97-2003)DOC (small) | n/a | n/a | 52% | Same validator, smaller file — shotgun has ~21% chance of hitting FIB/Table/CLX. | |
| पीडीएफ दस्तावेज़PDF | n/a | n/a | n/a | †Headline numbers are misleading for PDF: detection rate is dominated by which compression filters the document uses for its embedded streams (Flate, DCT/JPEG, JPX/JPEG2000, JBIG2, CCITT), not by the validator. See "PDF detection by stream-filter dominance" subsection below for the breakout table. The exit-code bug from 2026-03-06 was fixed in commit `c304f36` (2026-04-23, Action Item #1). | |
| पॉवरपॉइंट (97-2003)OLE2 (PPT) | 0% | 0% | 0% | FAT/directory structural only | |
| एडोब इनडिज़ाइन दस्तावेज़InDesign | 1% | 0% | 73% | Page structure. | |
| वर्ड दस्तावेज़ (OOXML)DOCX | 87% | 82% | 100% | OOXML = ZIP with per-entry CRC32. Sample replaced 2026-04-23 from Apache 2.0 Tika test corpus. | |
| एक्सेल स्प्रेडशीट (OOXML)XLSX | 82% | 83% | 100% | OOXML = ZIP with per-entry CRC32. Sample from Apache Tika. | |
| पावरप्वाइंट (ओओएक्सएमएल)PPTX | 93% | 97% | 100% | OOXML = ZIP with per-entry CRC32. Sample from Apache Tika. | |
| ओपनडॉक्यूमेंट टेक्स्टODT | 96% | 98% | 100% | ODF = ZIP with per-entry CRC32. Sample from Apache Tika. Note: currently auto-detected as EPUB (also ZIP) — separate detection-priority bug. | |
| ओपनडॉक्यूमेंट स्प्रेडशीटODS | 88% | 88% | 100% | Same as ODT. | |
| ओपनडॉक्यूमेंट प्रस्तुतिODP | 97% | 98% | 100% | Same as ODT. | |
| रिच टेक्स्ट फ़ॉर्मेटRTF | 0% | 0% | 92% | Structural only — RTF has no checksums. Shotgun high because 4 KB overwrite reliably breaks brace matching or control-word syntax. | |
| ईएमएल ईमेल संदेशEML | 12% | 97% | 84% | UTF-8 + NUL-byte integrity check on the raw file before structural parsing. NUL is never legal in a mail message; flipping the high bit of an ASCII byte produces a lone UTF-8 continuation byte. Caught ~50% of single-bit ASCII flips and ~80% of 4 KB shotgun overwrites. | |
| एमबॉक्स मेल पुरालेखMBOX | 13% | 100% | 100% | Same UTF-8 + NUL-byte check as EML, applied to the whole concatenated file. Shotgun catches every 4 KB random overwrite (random bytes almost always include NUL or invalid UTF-8 sequences). Sniper catches roughly half the random bit flips. | |
| एप्पल पन्नेPages | 100% | 99% | 100% | iWork bundle = ZIP with per-entry CRC32. Hand-authored from scratch (no Apple software, no permissive corpus exists); `scripts/build-pages-sample` regenerates a deterministic 8-IWA inner `Index.zip` with high-entropy openssl-AES-CTR payloads plus real plist metadata. CRC32 per entry catches every bit flip and every 4 KB shotgun overwrite. | |
| Apple KeynoteKeynote | 99% | 100% | 100% | iWork bundle = ZIP with per-entry CRC32. Hand-authored mirroring the Pages sample; `scripts/build-keynote-sample` regenerates a 9-IWA inner `Index.zip` plus an uncompressed `buildVersionHistory.plist` carrying `com.apple.iWork.Keynote` so the format detector keys on it. CRC32 per entry catches every 4 KB shotgun overwrite and ~99% of single-bit flips. | |
| Apple NumbersNumbers | 100% | 99% | 100% | Same iWork-bundle template as Keynote with a Tables/-shaped IWA layout. The `com.apple.iWork.Numbers` marker is stored uncompressed at the head of the outer ZIP. CRC32 per entry catches every probed bit flip and every 4 KB shotgun overwrite. | |
| एडोब इलस्ट्रेटरAI (Adobe Illustrator) | 6% | n/a | n/a | PostScript-derived header + PDF body. Tiny 372 B sample is mostly PDF magic; later bytes are uncovered text. Shotgun N/A. | |
| BAI2 Balance ReportBAI2 (Bank Admin Inst.) | 20% | n/a | n/a | Fixed-format banking text; structural validation of record-type prefixes. No checksum. Shotgun N/A. | |
| सीएसवी डेटाCSV | 26% | 100% | 100% | Structural CSV + mandatory UTF-8 validation. bolter/shotgun reliably produce invalid UTF-8 -> 100%; sniper 26% = flips landing in a multibyte sequence. (Was 0/0/0 before 2026-06-22: CSV was omitted from the extension-remap dispatch and silently skipped its UTF-8 check; fixed and guarded by tests/cli/utf8_required_formats_reject.) | |
| क्लेरिसवर्क्स/एप्पलवर्क्सClarisWorks | 6% | n/a | n/a | Legacy AppleWorks. Structural walk. Shotgun N/A. | |
| UN/EDIFACTEDIFACT | 37% | n/a | n/a | Fixed-format trade messages; validator cross-checks UNH/UNT counts. Shotgun N/A. | |
| एनकैप्सुलेटेड पोस्टस्क्रिप्टEPS | 4% | n/a | n/a | PostScript header + structural walk. Shotgun N/A. | |
| ईपीयूबी ईबुकEPUB | 69% | n/a | n/a | ZIP container with mimetype check; per-entry CRC32. Shotgun N/A. | |
| HTML दस्तावेज़HTML | 22% | 100% | 100% | Tag-tree parse + UTF-8 validation gated on a declared charset (<meta charset=utf-8>). bolter/shotgun -> 100%; sniper 22% on the >=12 KB fixture. | |
| iCalendariCalendar (RFC 5545) | 21% | n/a | n/a | Structural; BEGIN/END pairing + property syntax. Shotgun N/A. | |
| एडोब इनडिज़ाइन मार्कअपIDML (InDesign) | 55% | n/a | n/a | ZIP+XML markup; per-entry CRC32. Shotgun N/A. | |
| आईएनआई कॉन्फिगINI | 17% | n/a | n/a | Plain-text key-value; structural only. Shotgun N/A. | |
| JSON डेटाJSON | 43% | 100% | 100% | RFC 8259 mandates UTF-8: the validator rejects invalid UTF-8, then parses structure. On the >=12 KB multibyte fixture, bolter/shotgun almost always corrupt a UTF-8 sequence -> 100%; sniper 43% is the share of single-bit flips that land in a multibyte byte or a JSON token. | |
| JSON5 | 30% | n/a | n/a | JSON5 parser; structural only. Shotgun N/A. | |
| SWIFT MT940 Bank StatementMT940 (SWIFT) | 11% | n/a | n/a | Banking text; structural only. Shotgun N/A. | |
| मैकराइट दस्तावेज़MacWrite Document | 0% | n/a | n/a | Legacy word processor; structural only. Tiny sample. Shotgun N/A. | |
| NACHA/ACH Electronic PaymentsNACHA (ACH) | 15% | n/a | n/a | Banking fixed-format text; record-type validation. Shotgun N/A. | |
| Open Financial ExchangeOFX (Open Financial) | 2% | n/a | n/a | Banking SGML/XML; structural only. Shotgun N/A. | |
| सादा पाठ (UTF-8)Plain Text | 0% | 0% | 95% | UTF-8 + control-char check. Invalid UTF-8 that is still Latin-1-decodable falls back to single-byte decode with a WARN (exit 0, so counted as not-detected) -> sniper/bolter ~0%; shotgun 95% because a random 4 KB overwrite injects NUL or undecodable bytes that hard-fail. | |
| प्रो टूल्स सत्रPTX (Pro Tools) | 0% | 0% | 0% | Avid session structural walk. 0%/0% on 40 KB confirms structural-only. | |
| Quicken Interchange FormatQIF (Quicken Interchange) | 3% | n/a | n/a | Plain-text; structural only. Shotgun N/A. | |
| TOML कॉन्फ़िगरेशनTOML | 42% | 100% | 100% | TOML structural parse + mandatory UTF-8. bolter/shotgun -> 100% (invalid UTF-8); sniper 42% on the >=12 KB multibyte fixture. | |
| Tax Exchange FormatTXF (Tax Exchange) | 3% | n/a | n/a | Plain-text; structural only. Shotgun N/A. | |
| vCardvCard (RFC 6350) | 32% | n/a | n/a | Structural BEGIN/END pairing + property syntax. Shotgun N/A. | |
| वर्डपरफेक्ट दस्तावेज़WordPerfect | 2% | n/a | n/a | Header walk; structural only. Shotgun N/A. | |
| X12 EDI | 21% | n/a | n/a | Fixed-format trade messages; ISA/IEA + GS/GE counts cross-validated. Shotgun N/A. | |
| एक्सएमएल दस्तावेज़XML | 52% | 100% | 100% | XML well-formedness + mandatory UTF-8. bolter/shotgun -> 100%; sniper 52% from tag/quote/multibyte density on the >=12 KB fixture. | |
| वाईएएमएल डेटाYAML | 0% | n/a | n/a | Plain-text; structural only. Shotgun N/A. | |
| मार्कडाउन टेक्स्टMarkdown | 0% | n/a | n/a | Plain-text; structural only. Shotgun N/A. |
फ़ॉन्ट
| फ़ॉर्मैट | Sniper | Bolter | Shotgun | मापा गया | यह कैसे पकड़ा जाता है (या क्यों नहीं पकड़ा जा सकता) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ट्रू टाइप फ़ॉन्टTTF | 100% | 100% | 100% | Per-table checksum + whole-file checkSumAdjustment (strict mode) | |
| ओपन टाइप फ़ॉन्टOTF | 100% | 100% | 100% | Per-table checksum + whole-file checkSumAdjustment | |
| WOFF फ़ॉन्टWOFF | 100% | 100% | 100% | Per-table zlib-decompress + origChecksum verification (font_validator.zig:370). Prior "0%/0%" was a stale sweep — the code was already doing the right thing. | |
| WOFF2 फ़ॉन्टWOFF2 | 49% | 63% | 100% | Per-table Brotli-decompress + origChecksum verification. Prior "0%/0%" was a stale sweep. Sniper is lower than WOFF because WOFF2's Brotli framing is more compact (fewer structural bytes), but shotgun still perfect. |
वैज्ञानिक
| फ़ॉर्मैट | Sniper | Bolter | Shotgun | मापा गया | यह कैसे पकड़ा जाता है (या क्यों नहीं पकड़ा जा सकता) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| खगोलीय डेटा फिट बैठता हैFITS (with CHECKSUM) | 100% | n/a | 100% | CHECKSUM/DATASUM per HDU | |
| खगोलीय डेटा फिट बैठता हैFITS (no CHECKSUM) | 0% | 0% | 2% | Keyword validation only | |
| DICOM मेडिकल छविDICOM | 7% | 9% | 20% | Tag structure + value validation | |
| एचडीएफ5 वैज्ञानिक डेटाHDF5 | 4% | 72% | 13% | Jenkins lookup3 checksum (small file) | |
| पीडीबी प्रोटीन संरचनाPDB (Protein) | 16% | 19% | 39% | ATOM/HETATM record cross-validation | |
| सीआईएफ क्रिस्टलोग्राफिक डेटाCIF (Crystallographic Info) | 0% | n/a | n/a | Plain-text scientific format; structural only. Shotgun N/A. | |
| FASTA अनुक्रमFASTA | 22% | n/a | n/a | Plain-text bioinformatics; structural only. Shotgun N/A. | |
| FASTQ अनुक्रमण पढ़ता हैFASTQ | 28% | n/a | n/a | Plain-text bioinformatics; per-record sequence/quality length cross-check. Shotgun N/A. | |
| मैटलैब डेटाMAT-File | 94% | n/a | n/a | Element header + flag walk; magic + endian + tag length validation. Shotgun N/A. | |
| नेटसीडीएफ वैज्ञानिक डेटाNetCDF | 39% | n/a | n/a | NetCDF classic header walk; HDF5-derived NetCDF-4 reuses HDF5's lookup3 checksums. Tiny sample. Shotgun N/A. | |
| एनआईएफटीआई न्यूरोइमेजिंगNIfTI-1 | 1% | n/a | n/a | Header magic + dims; no checksum. Shotgun N/A. | |
| अपाचे लकड़ी की छत डेटाParquet | 2% | n/a | n/a | Footer + page CRC32 (not currently verified by validator beyond header). Shotgun N/A. | |
| ईएसआरआई शेपफाइलShapefile | 89% | n/a | n/a | GIS .shp; record-by-record header check + magic. Shotgun N/A. |
डेटाबेस
| फ़ॉर्मैट | Sniper | Bolter | Shotgun | मापा गया | यह कैसे पकड़ा जाता है (या क्यों नहीं पकड़ा जा सकता) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| QuickBooks Company FileQBW | 100% | 100% | 100% | CRC32 per 4096-byte page (v12+) | |
| SQLite डेटाबेसSQLite | 54% | 52% | 100% | Page headers + btree structure | |
| माइक्रोसॉफ्ट एक्सेस डेटाबेसACCDB | 1% | 0% | 73% | Jet engine page structure (small file) | |
| माइक्रोसॉफ्ट एक्सेस डेटाबेस (97-2003)MDB | 1% | 0% | 73% | Jet engine page structure (small file) | |
| QuickBooks BackupQuickBooks Backup (.qbb) | 8% | 7% | 24% | OLE2-based; dispatches through document_validators (no per-stream checksum). Sample shared with ole2/sample.doc. | |
| dBASE डेटाबेसdBASE (.dbf) | 0% | 0% | 100% | Header version + date + record-length cross-validation; hand-authored CC0 dBASE III. Sniper rate fundamental (no per-record checksum); shotgun lands in tail records past header-declared range. |
आर्काइव
| फ़ॉर्मैट | Sniper | Bolter | Shotgun | मापा गया | यह कैसे पकड़ा जाता है (या क्यों नहीं पकड़ा जा सकता) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Compact Pro ArchiveCPT | 100% | 100% | 100% | CRC per resource fork entry (Compact Pro archive, not audio) | |
| टार पुरालेखTAR | 15% | 78% | 73% | Header checksum per 512-byte block | |
| 7-ज़िप पुरालेख7z | 99% | n/a | 100% | 7z next-header CRC32 + per-stream CRC32. Hand-authored xorshift corpus (CC0). Both sniper and shotgun catch nearly every flip. | |
| यूनिक्स आर्काइवAR (Unix archive) | 38% | n/a | n/a | `!<arch>\n` magic + 60-byte member headers; no per-entry checksum. Shotgun N/A. | |
| BLIP ArchiveBLAR (Blake3 Archive) | 100% | n/a | n/a | Peter's archive format with Blake3 per-entry hashing. Every probed bit flip detected. Shotgun N/A. | |
| Brotli CompressedBrotli | 47% | 72% | 100% | Raw Brotli stream; full streaming decompression via libbrotli. RFC 7932 has no whole-file checksum, but the entropy coder rejects most structurally invalid prefix codes / distance overflows / window-bits errors. ~47% of single-bit flips on dense English-text Huffman streams cascade into decoder failure; the rest decode to wrong-but-valid bytes (silent). 4 KB shotgun overwrites are essentially always rejected. Earlier 0%/0% row used a pathological xorshift random-noise corpus where compressed output is ~8 bits/byte and bit flips are statistically valid Huffman codes; replaced with a deterministic CC0 English-text corpus (scripts/build-brotli-corpus). | |
| Bzip2 संपीड़ितBzip2 | 100% | 100% | 100% | CRC32 per block + combined CRC. Hand-authored xorshift corpus (CC0). | |
| Microsoft Cabinet ArchiveCAB (Microsoft) | 100% | 100% | 100% | Per-folder + per-file CSUM (Adler-like) cross-validated. CC0 sample built via gcab. | |
| Gzip संपीड़ितGzip | 100% | 100% | 100% | CRC32 + ISIZE in trailer. Hand-authored xorshift corpus (CC0). | |
| BinHex 4.0 ArchiveBinHex (.hqx) | 100% | 100% | 100% | BinHex 4.0 header + per-fork CRC16. Hand-authored CC0 sample (encoder reverse-engineered from validator). | |
| BLIP Mini-ArchiveMBLAR (Multi-Blake3) | 100% | n/a | n/a | Peter's manifest-bundle archive; Blake3 per file. Shotgun N/A. | |
| PAR2 समता पुरालेखPAR2 | 100% | 100% | 100% | MD5 of every packet + recovery slice integrity. Built via par2cmdline (BSD-licensed). | |
| RAR ArchiveRAR | 100% | 100% | 100% | Per-entry CRC32 + RAR5 BLAKE2sp option. CC0 corpus (rar -m5). | |
| StuffIt ArchiveStuffIt | 94% | n/a | n/a | Header + entry walk; sniper 94% on 140 B from header dominance. Shotgun N/A. | |
| XZ संपीड़ितXZ | 100% | 100% | 100% | CRC32/CRC64/SHA-256 per stream + index integrity. Hand-authored xorshift corpus (CC0). | |
| ज़िप पुरालेखZIP | 100% | 100% | 100% | Per-entry CRC32 + EOCD record. Hand-authored xorshift corpus (CC0). | |
| ज़ेडस्टैंडर्ड संपीड़ितZstd | 100% | 100% | 100% | Frame-level XXH64 + frame footer. Hand-authored xorshift corpus (CC0). | |
| स्टूडियो वन प्रोजेक्टStudio One Project (.song) | 100% | 99% | 100% | ZIP-based; per-entry CRC32 + metainfo.xml integrity. Hand-authored CC0 sample. | |
| StuffIt X ArchiveStuffIt X (.sitx) | 0% | 0% | 0% | Magic + structural header walk only; no per-entry checksums in current validator. Hand-authored. |
गेम ROM
| फ़ॉर्मैट | Sniper | Bolter | Shotgun | मापा गया | यह कैसे पकड़ा जाता है (या क्यों नहीं पकड़ा जा सकता) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| एसएनईएस रॉमSNES | 100% | 100% | 99% | Internal ROM checksum + complement | |
| गेम ब्वॉय रॉमGB | 0% | 100% | 1% | Header checksum only (tiny coverage) | |
| गेम ब्वॉय एडवांस रॉमGBA | 0% | 0% | 0% | Header checksum only | |
| सेगा जेनेसिस ROMGenesis | 0% | 100% | 1% | Header checksum only | |
| एनईएस रॉमNES | 0% | 0% | 0% | iNES header only | |
| निंटेंडो 64 रॉमN64 | 0% | 10% | 0% | No integrity mechanism | |
| MAME CHD छविCHD (MAME) | 10% | n/a | n/a | MAME's compressed disc; SHA-1 per hunk + global SHA-1. Tiny synthetic 124 B sample. Shotgun N/A. | |
| निंटेंडो डीएस रॉमNDS (Nintendo DS) | 41% | n/a | n/a | Header CRC16 (logo + secure area). 41% sniper on 1 KB. Shotgun N/A. | |
| कयामत वाड पुरालेखWAD (Doom/Wii) | 100% | n/a | n/a | Lump table; structural only. Tiny synthetic sample — header IS most of file. Shotgun N/A. |
डिस्क इमेज / फ़ाइल सिस्टम / एक्ज़िक्यूटेबल / अन्य
| फ़ॉर्मैट | Sniper | Bolter | Shotgun | मापा गया | यह कैसे पकड़ा जाता है (या क्यों नहीं पकड़ा जा सकता) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| एप्पल डिस्क छविDMG | 0% | 0% | 10% | Plist + koly trailer | |
| आईएसओ 9660 डिस्क छविISO | 0% | 0% | 0% | PVD structural only | |
| COFF ऑब्जेक्ट फ़ाइलCOFF | 0% | 0% | 1% | Section header structure | |
| मच-ओ यूनिवर्सल बाइनरीMach-O Fat | 0% | 0% | 0% | Architecture header only | |
| ब्लॉर्ब इंटरएक्टिव फिक्शनBlorb | 0% | 0% | 0% | IFF structural only | |
| मैकओएस डीएस_स्टोरDS_Store | 0% | 0% | 25% | BTree page structure | |
| एएसएफ मीडियाASF | 1% | 4% | 0% | GUID/object structural | |
| Quicken Data FileQDF | 1% | 1% | 0% | OLE2/ZIP structural | |
| 3एमएफ 3डी विनिर्माण3MF (3D Manufacturing) | 75% | n/a | n/a | ZIP-based; per-entry CRC32 + XML manifest. Shotgun N/A (sample < 4 KB). | |
| एडोब आफ्टर इफेक्ट्स प्रोजेक्टAEP (After Effects Project) | 27% | n/a | n/a | RIFX container; structural-only walk. Tiny sample (44 B). Shotgun N/A. | |
| एबलटन लाइव सेटALS (Ableton Live Set) | 90% | n/a | n/a | gzip-wrapped XML. Tiny sample — gzip CRC32 + zlib structure catches most bit flips. Shotgun N/A. | |
| Apple Media Library DatabaseApple Media DB | 46% | n/a | n/a | tvdb/photo SQLite-derived store. Structural walk. Shotgun N/A. | |
| गैराजबैंड परियोजनाGarageBand (.band) | 0% | n/a | n/a | Bundle (directory) format — `projectData` inside is a plist routed to plist validator. Sweep-only on the plist file. Shotgun N/A. | |
| एरलांग/एलिक्सिर बीम बाइटकोडBEAM (Erlang) | 36% | n/a | n/a | FOR1/IFF chunk container; chunk lengths cross-validated. No CRC. Shotgun N/A. | |
| ब्लेंडर 3डी प्रोजेक्टBlender (.blend) | 47% | n/a | n/a | DNA-block-based binary. Structural walk; no checksum. Tiny header-only sample. Shotgun N/A. | |
| बीएसपी मानचित्र फ़ाइलBSP (Quake) | 39% | n/a | n/a | Lump-table walk; no CRC. Structural only. Shotgun N/A. | |
| बिटविग स्टूडियो प्रोजेक्टBitwig Project | 0% | n/a | n/a | ZIP-derived but tiny sample (128 B). Sniper 0% — sample is below ZIP minimum. Shotgun N/A. | |
| क्रोमियम संसाधन PAKChromium PAK | 0% | n/a | n/a | Resource bundle; index walk only. Tiny synthetic sample. Shotgun N/A. | |
| क्यूबेस परियोजनाCubase Project | 49% | n/a | n/a | Steinberg binary. Structural only. Shotgun N/A. | |
| DER Certificate/KeyDER (ASN.1) | 7% | n/a | n/a | TLV-walked. Structural; no checksum. Shotgun N/A. | |
| दाविंची संकल्प परियोजनाDRP (DR Painter) | 60% | n/a | n/a | Generic binary — high sniper from header dominance. Shotgun N/A. | |
| ऑटोकैड ड्राइंगDWG (AutoCAD) | 1% | n/a | n/a | Section structure walk. Tiny sample. Shotgun N/A. | |
| ऑटोकैड डीएक्सएफDXF (AutoCAD) | 5% | n/a | n/a | Plain-text CAD; structural only. Shotgun N/A. | |
| ईईएक्स/ईआरबी टेम्पलेटErlang Mix .eex | 0% | n/a | n/a | Plain-text template; structural only. Shotgun N/A. | |
| ईएलएफ निष्पादन योग्यELF | 20% | n/a | n/a | Section header walk; no whole-file checksum. Tiny synthetic 64 B sample. Shotgun N/A. | |
| एरलांग टर्मErlang BERT | 0% | n/a | n/a | External Term Format walk. Shotgun N/A. | |
| फाइनल कट प्रो एक्सएमएलFCPXML (Final Cut) | 58% | n/a | n/a | XML-based; structural walk. Shotgun N/A. | |
| एफएल स्टूडियो प्रोजेक्टFL Studio | 6% | n/a | n/a | Project file structural walk. Tiny sample. Shotgun N/A. | |
| जीएलबी बाइनरी जीएलटीएफGLB (glTF binary) | 32% | n/a | n/a | Chunk-based; structural walk. JSON chunk + BIN chunk lengths cross-validated. Shotgun N/A. | |
| जीएलटीएफ 3डी दृश्यglTF (JSON) | 20% | n/a | n/a | JSON manifest; structural only. Shotgun N/A. | |
| आईएफएफ कंटेनरIFF (EA) | 46% | n/a | n/a | Chunk walk; no CRC. Shotgun N/A. | |
| Java Class FileJava .class | 21% | n/a | n/a | ClassFile constant pool walk; magic + version check. Shotgun N/A. | |
| केएमएल भौगोलिक डेटाKML | 58% | n/a | n/a | GIS XML; structural only. Shotgun N/A. | |
| केएमजेड संपीड़ित केएमएलKMZ | 95% | n/a | n/a | KMZ = zipped KML; per-entry CRC32 catches almost any bit flip on the small sample. Shotgun N/A. | |
| लॉजिक प्रो एक्स प्रोजेक्टLogic Pro X | 71% | n/a | n/a | Bundle format — sample is `ProjectData` plist alone. Shotgun N/A. | |
| लारियन स्टूडियो PAKLSPK (Larian Studios) | 3% | n/a | n/a | Pak file; structural only. Shotgun N/A. | |
| मच-ओ बाइनरीMach-O | 0% | n/a | n/a | Single-arch sample; load command walk; no checksum. Shotgun N/A. | |
| वेवफ्रंट ओबीजे 3डी मॉडलOBJ (Wavefront) | 44% | n/a | n/a | Plain-text 3D; vertex/face syntax check. Shotgun N/A. | |
| क्वेक PAK पुरालेखPAK (Quake) | 60% | n/a | n/a | Header offset/length cross-check. Tiny synthetic sample (12 B). Shotgun N/A. | |
| विंडोज़ पीई निष्पादन योग्यPE (Windows) | 3% | n/a | n/a | MZ + PE headers; optional checksum (rarely populated). Tiny sample. Shotgun N/A. | |
| PEM Certificate/KeyPEM (RFC 7468) | 51% | n/a | n/a | Base64 envelope; structural only. Shotgun N/A. | |
| PGP Signed Message | 81% | n/a | n/a | Header/footer detect + Base64 walk. Shotgun N/A. | |
| एप्पल संपत्ति सूचीPlist | 52% | n/a | n/a | Both XML and binary plist; structural only. Shotgun N/A. | |
| PLY बहुभुज फ़ाइलPLY (3D) | 51% | n/a | n/a | Header + element count; no per-element checksum. Shotgun N/A. | |
| एडोब प्रीमियर प्रो प्रोजेक्टPremiere Project | 55% | n/a | n/a | Gzip-wrapped XML. Tiny sample. Shotgun N/A. | |
| कारण परियोजनाReason (Propellerhead) | 33% | n/a | n/a | Bundle binary; structural walk. Shotgun N/A. | |
| रीपर प्रोजेक्टRPP (Reaper) | 50% | n/a | n/a | Plain-text project; structural only. Shotgun N/A. | |
| स्केच डिज़ाइन फ़ाइलSketch (.sketch) | 56% | n/a | n/a | ZIP-based; per-entry CRC32. Shotgun N/A. | |
| SSH Signature | 64% | n/a | n/a | RFC 4880-like wire-format walk. Shotgun N/A. | |
| स्टेप सीएडी मॉडलSTEP (.step) | 23% | n/a | n/a | ISO 10303-21 plain-text CAD. Shotgun N/A. | |
| एसटीएल 3डी मॉडलSTL (3D) | 73% | n/a | n/a | Both ASCII and binary stl; sniper 73% on small ASCII sample. Shotgun N/A. | |
| Roxio Toast Disc ImageToast (Roxio) | 0% | 0% | 10% | Apple Toast disc image; structural walk. | |
| 1 फ़ॉन्ट टाइप करेंType 1 Font | 0% | n/a | n/a | PostScript-derived font; eexec encrypted body walk. Shotgun N/A. | |
| VMware Virtual DiskVMDK | 0% | 0% | 0% | VMware disk descriptor + extent walk. 65 KB sample at 0%/0% — structural-only. | |
| वाल्व PAK पुरालेखVPK (Valve Pak) | 100% | n/a | n/a | Tiny synthetic 28 B sample; structural walk catches every flip (header IS the file). Shotgun N/A. | |
| WARC वेब पुरालेखWARC (Web Archive) | 48% | n/a | n/a | Record header + content-length walk. Shotgun N/A. | |
| वेबअसेंबली मॉड्यूलWebAssembly | 35% | n/a | n/a | Section LEB128 length walk; magic + version. Tiny sample. Shotgun N/A. | |
| Windows Imaging FormatWIM (Windows Imaging) | 8% | n/a | n/a | XPRESS/LZX section walk; partial integrity. Shotgun N/A. | |
| Microsoft InstallerMicrosoft Installer (.msi) | 0% | 0% | 43% | OLE2 compound file (no integrity beyond CFBF FAT structure). Built via wixl. Shotgun catches FAT/dir mismatch. | |
| Windows ESD ImageWindows ESD (.esd) | 1% | 0% | 0% | WIM variant with LZMS compression; structural header walk (208-byte WIM header). Hand-authored. | |
| LLVM Precompiled HeaderLLVM Precompiled Header (.pch) | 0% | 0% | 0% | Magic ("CPCH") + LLVM bitcode signature only. Bitcode contents are version-specific; structural only. | |
| LLVM Serialized DiagnosticsLLVM Serialized Diagnostics (.dia) | 0% | 0% | 0% | Magic ("DIAG") + LLVM bitcode signature only. Same limit as .pch. | |
| PCAP नेटवर्क कैप्चरPCAP | 4% | 3% | 100% | Hand-authored (no sudo for tcpdump in nix sandbox). Walks every packet record's incl_len/orig_len; shotgun lands in valid trailer bytes that fail length checks. Fixed 64 MiB-stack-overflow bug in `validatePcap` while landing the sample. | |
| PCAPNG नेटवर्क कैप्चरPCAPNG | 10% | 8% | 100% | Walks every PCAPNG block's declared length and matching trailing length across every section. Unknown packet payloads remain opaque, so this is structural—not a per-packet checksum guarantee. | |
| G-code (3D Printer/CNC)G-code | 27% | 99% | 98% | Text format; line-grammar walk catches 27% sniper (most flips break a coordinate or G/M code prefix). Shotgun 98% — large overwrite breaks too many lines to ignore. Hand-authored CC0. | |
| MessagePack DataMessagePack (.msgpack) | 0% | 0% | 0% | Type-tagged binary; validator walks tag stream but spec has no checksum. Most flips land in payload bytes that decode to different-but-valid values. Fundamental limit per RFC. Hand-authored CC0. | |
| RPM पैकेजRPM Package (.rpm) | 3% | 7% | 30% | RPM v3 lead + signature header + main header. Validator computes SHA-1 over main header (when sig tag 269 present). Shotgun 30% reflects header dominance vs payload mass. Built via rpmbuild (CC0 spec). Fixed 16 MiB-stack-overflow bug in `validateRpm` while landing the sample. |